TNES
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The TNES file format was discovered in Nintendo 3DS Virtual Console games. It fulfills much the same role as iNES format, but it can also encapsulate Quick Disk images for FDS and avoids allegations of having misappropriated a format from the emulation scene.
| Offset | Contents |
|---|---|
| 0-3 | "TNES" (54 4E 45 53) |
| 4 | Mapper (TNES codes, not iNES codes) |
| 5 | PRG ROM size in 8192 byte units |
| 6 | CHR ROM size in 8192 byte units |
| 7 | WRAM (0 for none, 1 for 8192 bytes) |
| 8 | Mirroring (0 mapper-controlled; 1 horizontal; 2 vertical) |
| 9 | Battery (0 none; 1 battery present) |
| 10-11 | Used only for FDS images; purpose unknown, possibly side count |
| 12-15 | Zero |
Mapper numbers differ, and Nintendo's own ASIC mappers have a contiguous block:
| TNES mapper | iNES mapper | Meaning | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | NROM | |
| 1 | 1 | SxROM (MMC1) | |
| 2 | 9 | PNROM (MMC2) | |
| 3 | 4 | TxROM (MMC3) | And presumably HKROM (MMC6) |
| 4 | 10 | FxROM (MMC4) | |
| 5 | 5 | ExROM (MMC5) | |
| 6 | 2 | UxROM | |
| 7 | 3 | CNROM | |
| 9 | 7 | AxROM | |
| 100 | FDS | ROM image consists of 8192 byte BIOS followed by .qd sides, which are 65536-byte FDS sides with CRCs included but no 16-byte header. Size bytes 5-9 are zero, but 10-11 are used. |
References
- Based on TNES format by einstein95, via TCRF forum post
- FDS .qd format
