User:Zzo38/6502 programming tricks

Toggle the zero flag

PHP
PLA
AND #2

• Bytes: 4
• Cycles: 9

Main-effect:

• Zero flag: toggled.

Side-effect:

• Accumulator: set to 0 or 2.
• Negative flag: cleared.

Rotate accumulator left 8-bits

ASL A
ADC #0

• Bytes: 3
• Cycles: 4

Main-effect:

• Accumulator: shifted left, with shifted-out bit shifted-in.

Side-effect:

• Carry flag: cleared.

Signed compare

Do this by toggling the high bit of both numbers before comparison. For example, if 8-bit numbers:

EOR #$80

RTS trick

See RTS Trick.

Tail recursion

• Bytes: -1
• Cycles: -9

This can be done by replacing a JSR/RTS with just a JMP, since the subroutine it jumps to will have its own RTS.

Fall-through tail recursion

• Bytes: -4
• Cycles: -12

Instead of jumping to another subroutine, you can just fall-through into it. In fact you can even JSR to it and then fall through to it (possibly doing something else in between if wanted), if you want to run it twice; Super Mario Bros. uses this pattern.

Note: This should be done itself inside of a subroutine which finally does the same effect as another, so it still needs to be called.

Unofficial opcodes

See Programming with unofficial opcodes.

Compressed data in CHR ROM

(TODO)

Storing high byte and low byte of an address in separate tables

(TODO)

See also

• synthetic instructions